===========================================================
How to define controlling area?
===========================================================
===========================================================
SAP note 532914:Derivation of chars: No error message, although flag is set
===========================================================
The system does not issue an error message, even though the 'Issue error message if no value found' flag was set in the attributes of a derivation step of type 'Derivation Rule' or 'Table Lookup'.
CO-PA transaction code:KEDR
查看全文
===========================================================
结果分析码( results analysis key )
===========================================================
Results analysis key that defines the valuation of the order during period-end closing. 查看全文
===========================================================
Material Ledger Theory
===========================================================
SAP系统支持每月物料收支业务采用标准价，期末核算物料的实际成本。即在月内每天出、入库业务采用标准价记帐，期末计算物料实际成本并重估库存值。如采用物料实际成本核算，则在SAP系统中激活实际成本核算/物料帐（Actual costing/Material ledger）功能。下面举一例。
查看全文
===========================================================
Transfer Prices in Cost Object Controlling
===========================================================
Transfer Prices in Cost Object Controlling 查看全文
===========================================================
Product Cost by Sales Order
===========================================================
Product Cost by Sales Order 查看全文
===========================================================
SAP Profit Center Accounting
===========================================================
The essential difference between a profit center and a business area is that profit centers are used for internal control, while business areas are more geared toward an external viewpoint.
The profit center differs from a cost center in that cost centers merely represent the units in which capacity costs arise, whereas the person in charge of the profit center is responsible for its balance of costs and revenues.
查看全文
===========================================================
增加成本类科目时，忘了增加成本要素处理方法
===========================================================
NOTE NUMBER: 98520
查看全文
查看全文
===========================================================
Quantity and Value Flow in Make-to-Stock Production
===========================================================
This section describes the flow of quantities and values in make-to-stock production. It also discusses the integration between Cost Object Controlling and Profitability Analysis (CO-PA).
查看全文
===========================================================
Cost objects in SAP R/3
===========================================================
Cost objects are units to which costs can be assigned according to how they were caused using the functions of Cost Object Controlling. 查看全文
===========================================================
Sequence of Steps in Cost Object Controlling
===========================================================
Sequence of Steps in Cost Object Controlling 查看全文
===========================================================
Cost Terminology in Product Cost Controlling
===========================================================
Cost Terminology in Product Cost Controlling
查看全文
===========================================================
Product Cost by Period and Product Cost Collector
===========================================================
In contrast to Product Cost by Order in which you analyze costs by lot, in Product Cost by Period you analyze costs by period. This means that you collect the costs on a cost object over an extended period of time, and analyze the debits and credits in each period. 查看全文
===========================================================
Difference between Cost Centers and Internal Orders
===========================================================
Would any one please tell me that
1. What is the basic difference between Cost Centers and Internal orders?
2. I understand that their functionality is same like assessments, distribution etc. then why there are divided into Cost Centers and Internal orders?
3. How the data flows from Cost Centers and Internal Orders? ie is it first into Internal orders then to Cost Centers or Vice versa? or else the data is maintained independently?
4. Does settlement means running the Assessment cycle and distibuting the costs to various cost centers from an internal order?
5. How you determine the cost of an Order or cost for an order? ie how an Cost in Order is determined? 查看全文
1. What is the basic difference between Cost Centers and Internal orders?
2. I understand that their functionality is same like assessments, distribution etc. then why there are divided into Cost Centers and Internal orders?
3. How the data flows from Cost Centers and Internal Orders? ie is it first into Internal orders then to Cost Centers or Vice versa? or else the data is maintained independently?
4. Does settlement means running the Assessment cycle and distibuting the costs to various cost centers from an internal order?
5. How you determine the cost of an Order or cost for an order? ie how an Cost in Order is determined? 查看全文
===========================================================
为什么一般不将'在制品转出科目'设为初级成本要素
===========================================================
因该系统由西方国家设计，故在SAP系统中，存在中西方会计核算差异。西方会计认为期间费用包括管理费用、销售费用、财务费用及制造费用、生产成本。而中国会计核算明确将制造费用、生产成本属于成本类科目，且只有成本类科目才可进行成本进行核算。为克服这一中西方会计上差异，在会计科目表中创建了一个过渡性会计科目：生产成本-在制品转出，该科目用于核算月末尚未全部完工之WIP成本从生产科目中转到资产负债类科目中。下表为中西方会计差异对照及其在SAP系统中处理解决方案(因制造费用月末全部转入生产成本故未列出)：
从会计上理解,月末计算在制品(资产类科目)是为了出资产负责表,
在生产阶段投入原料等, 借:生产成本,贷:原材料.
月末在制品没有在系统中反映在资产负责表里,所以要做此凭证,做不会影响损益.
借:在制品,贷:在制品转出(应属成本类科目,不建立成本要素).
===========================================================
关于Settlement rule后台配置
===========================================================
关于Settlement rule后台配置。 查看全文
===========================================================
SAP中有关差异的一些概念
===========================================================
===========================================================
订单结算的几种方式
===========================================================
生产订单包括按生产订单（Production Order），流程订单(Process Order)，和ＣＯ生产订单(CO Production Order)。一般都是ＰＰ选定了生产管理的模式，然后ＣＯ配合。从ＣＯ的角度来讲，按生产订单来核算成本中要用到BOM和Routing，按流程订单生产要用到BOM和Master Recipe，在没有实施ＰＰ模块的情况下，可以用ＣＯ生产订单来收集生产成本。
查看全文
===========================================================
User Exits in FI/CO
===========================================================
R/3 provides three "customization spots" that allow you to enhance FI/CO features without modifying the standard code. Although often collectively referred to as "user exits," two of the three have different names. SAP Enhancements are used to expand the standard functionality within SAP. Enhancements use function modules and are called from the standard SAP code. Each module in the system has a set of delivered enhancements that help companies expand the standard functionality where they need it. Enhancements were new in release 3.0. 查看全文
zhujianfu
发表于:2004.11.18 14:30
::分类:
( SAP Finance
, SAP Controlling
)
::阅读:(1400次)
:: Permanent link
::
引用 (0)
===========================================================
Variance Calculation in Cost Object Accounting
===========================================================
1 Variance calculation in Cost Object Accounting is used for monitoring the financial aspects of day to day business, and enables detailed controlling on product cost collectors,
查看全文
===========================================================
ERP系统中的存货计价过程
===========================================================
本文主要以SAP为例，论述在ERP系统的物料移动过程中，移动平均法和标准价格法这两种存货计价方法的应用。
查看全文
===========================================================
ERP中的盈利分析---王纹 孙健
===========================================================
市场细分 在21世纪的今天，面对层出不穷的竞争者，面对牢牢占据统治地位的买方市场，如何获取最大的利润是困扰每个企业的问题。市场营销观念已逐渐成为企业经营的指导思想，即顾客的需求已成为企业营销活动的出发点。市场营销就是把社会需要转化为有盈利的机会。而顾客的需求随着商品经济的发展表现出多样性，为满足不同顾客的需求，在激烈的竞争中获胜，就必须进行市场细分。
查看全文
===========================================================
ERP中的成本管理 ---by AMT 王玉荣、孔祥云
===========================================================
同样一个简单的公式：利润=销售收入-成本费用，一千家不同的企业却可以作出一千篇不同的文章。企业要追求多创利的目标，既要增加销售收入(见笔者的“销售管理”一文)，又要千方百计地降低成本，节能降耗。ERP系统既然名为“企业资源计划”，便必然要求能够实现对企业经营成本的计划与控制。本文不在具体的财务处理上作展开，而是从ERP成本管理的原则、成本管理主要涉及的方面、生产成本计算方法以及期间费用的分摊等角度，来探讨这种计划与控制是如何实现的。 查看全文
===========================================================
ERP中的产品成本控制 ---王纹 孙健
===========================================================
-ERP中的产品成本控制（Product Cost Controlling）是一个集成性很高的模块。接触过此模块的财务及管理人员往往有这样的困惑：首先，它和我们传统的成本计算方法有显著的不同；其次，它的标准成本和差异分析等概念又恰恰是财务管理中的基本概念。由于ERP在产品成本控制模块上提出了新的管理思维方式，很多人对于此模块在管理上的应用总是不得要领。不过，好在我们对类似下面的对白并不陌生： 查看全文
===========================================================
ERP中的产品成本控制 – 标准成本 ---王纹
===========================================================
众所周知，ERP系统采用模块化的结构，模块一般按企业内部的职能划分，比如从企业运作整体来看可以分物流，会计和人力资源等模块，而物流下又可以分出生产，销售，采购和储运等模块。同样的会计下也可以分出财务会计，管理会计和资金管理等模块。各模块之间数据是集成和共享的。在上两期我们分别探讨了ERP中的盈利分析和企业预算，它们都属于管理会计的范畴。细心的读者可能会发现上述两个专题都涉及到了ERP中的产品成本信息，事实上产品成本控制是企业管理的一项重要内容，因此也是ERP的一个重要模块。 查看全文
===========================================================
为什么有人不喜欢标准成本?
===========================================================
许多人都认为成本核算是ERP中十分重要的部分，正在选型的公司也往往对成本功能非常关注。我也认为其十分重要，甚至认为应该把成本核算能否自动完成作为ERP实施是否成功的标志之一。
ERP软件中一般都有多种成本核算方法可供选择，通常分为两大类：标准成本法和实际成本法。实际成本法中一般再分为移动加权平均法、先进先出法、后进先出法等等。说起来各种方法并无优劣之分，然而为什么顾问常常推荐采用标准成本法？为什么企业中（尤其是国有企业）却总有人不喜欢标准成本法？这就成了不得不解释清楚的问题了。
查看全文
===========================================================
SAP 月末结帐步骤
===========================================================
The following processes including SD,MM,PP,FI,CO .
查看全文